This section will deal with the mechanics of organization—the actual p — Ernest Dale

"Management policies and the quality of leadership have a lot to do with individual performance."

"Organization planning is the process of defining and grouping the activities of the enterprise so that they may be most logically assigned and effectively executed. It is concerned with the establishment of relationships among the units so as to further the objectives of the enterprise."

"In and of itself managerial decentralization is neither desirable nor undesirable. We must apply certain criteria in order to evaluate it. One such criterion is economic efficiency: At what point in the management hierarchy and by what individual is a particular decision made most efficiently? Is a particular function exercised or a service performed more cheaply if it is "centralized" or "decentralized"? It is impossible to say in general that either centralization or decentralization is more efficient."

"Centralized control is provided for in a number of different ways:"

"The functions or job contents necessary to reach objectives must be defined. This step is governed by two precepts."

"The scientific study of leadership in complex organizations, as an area of enquiry in its own right, is relatively new; hardly more than a decade old. As in any new "science" there is yet no comprehensive framework within which to operate. Unlike medical men after Harveys great discovery on the circular system of the human body, we have no unifying concepts around which to make further refinements and discoveries."