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"He never does calculations except in his mind. I will fill pages with calculations before I understand what Im doing. But Edward will sit down only to calculate a minus sign, or a factor of two."
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Edward WittenIts been said that string theory is part of the physics of the twenty- — Edward Witten
"Its been said that string theory is part of the physics of the twenty-first century that fell by chance into the twentieth century. Thats a remark that was made by a leading physicist about fifteen years ago. ...String theory was invented essentially by accident in a long series of events, starting with the Veneziano model... No one invented it on purpose, it was invented in a lucky accident. ...By rights, string theory shouldnt have been invented until our knowledge of some of the areas that are prerequisite... had developed to the point that it was possible for us to have the right concept of what it is all about."
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Edward Witten
Edward Witten
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Edward Witten is an American theoretical physicist known for his contributions to string theory, topological quantum field theory, and various areas of mathematics. He is a professor emeritus in the school of natural sciences at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. Witten is a researcher in string theory, quantum gravity, supersymmetric quantum field theories, and other areas of mathemat
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"Work by Strominger and Witten showed that the masses of the particles in each family depend upon... the way in which the boundaries of the various multidimensional holes in the Calabi-Yau shape intersect and overlap with one another. ...as strings vibrate through the extra curled-up dimensions, the precise arrangement of the various holes and the way in which the Calabi-Yau shape folds around them has a direct impact on the possible resonant patterns of vibration. ...as with the number of families, string theory can provide us with a framework for answering questions—such as why the electron and other particles have the masses they do—on which previous theories are completely silent. ...carrying through with such calculations requires that we know which Calabi-Yau space to take for the extra dimensions."
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Edward WittenQuote
"Much as Kaluza found that a universe with five spacetime dimensions provided a framework for unifying electromagnetism and gravity, and much as string theorists found that a universe with ten spacetime dimensions provided a framework for unifying quantum mechanics and general relativity, Witten found that a universe with eleven spacetime dimensions provided a framework for unifying all string theories."
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Edward WittenQuote
"Most people who havent been trained in physics probably think of what physicists do as a question of incredibly complicated calculations, but thats not really the essence of it. The essence of it is that physics is about concepts, wanting to understand the concepts, the principles by which the world works."
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Edward WittenQuote
"My stay was nearly over when one day Ed Witten said to me, "I just learnt a new way to find exact S-matrices in two dimensions invented by Zamolodchikov and I want to extend the ideas to supersymmetric models. You are the S-matrix expert, arent you? Why dont we work together?" I was delighted. All my years of training in Berkeley gave me a tremendous advantage over Ed—for an entire week."
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Edward WittenQuote
"A crucial observation, central to the second superstring revolution initiated by Witten and others in 1995, is that string theory actually includes ingredients with a variety of different dimensions: two-dimensional Frisbee-like constituents, three-dimensional blob-like constituents, and even more exotic possibilities to boot."
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Edward Witten