When the technology that has the potential for revolutionizing an indu — Joseph L. Bower

"One approach to identifying technologies is to examine internal disagreements over the development of new products or technologies. Who supports the project and who doesnt? Marketing and financial managers, because of their managerial and financial incentives, will rarely support a disruptive technology. On the other hand, technical personnel with outstanding track records will often persist in arguing that a new market for the technology will emerge-even in the face of opposition from key customers and marketing and financial staff. Disagreement between the two groups often signals a disruptive technology that top-level managers should explore."

"Each time a emerged, between one-half and two-thirds of the established manufacturers failed to introduce models employing the new architecture-in stark contrast to their timely launches of critical sustaining technologies."

"One of the most consistent patterns in business is the failure of leading companies to stay at the top of their industries when technologies or markets change. and entered the radial-tire market quite late. Xerox let Canon create the small-copier market. Bucyrus-Erie allowed Caterpillar and Deere to take over the mechanical excavator market. Sears gave way to ."

"The leading attempt at a complete normative theory of planning and resource allocation is provided by the concept of "strategy."

"Bower and Christensen (1995) coined the term “disruptive technologies” and Christensen (1997) further describes the theory of disruptive innovations."

"[Firms rotate managers ] across functional and divisional lines to help build cooperative climate and contribute to the development of generalist viewpoints... [This practice moves] managers at the business level... where new strategic ideas are developed... every two to three years."