Which facts are relevant and which are not relevant to a science will — Alan Chalmers

"Science is widely esteemed. Apparently it is a widely held belief that there is something special about science and its methods."

"A far as perception is concerned, the only things with which an observer has direct and immediate contact are his or her experiences."

"Two normal observers viewing the same object from the same place under the same physical circumstances do not necessarily have identical visual experiences, even though the images on their respective retinas may be virtually identical."

"The experienced and skilled observer does not have perceptual experiences identical to those of the untrained novice when the two confront the same situation."

"The aim of science is to falsify theories and to replace them by better theories, theories that demonstrate a greater ability to withstand tests."

"The greater the number of conjectured theories that are confronted by the realities of the world, and the more speculative those conjectures are, the greater will be the chances of major advances in science."