Firmament

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In Ancient Near Eastern cosmology, the firmament was a celestial barrier that separated the Heavenly waters above from the Earth below. In Biblical cosmology, the firmament was the vast solid dome created by God during the Genesis creation narrative to separate the primal sea into upper and lower portions so that the dry land could appear.

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"יְהִי רָקִיעַ בְּתוֹךְ הַמָּיִם וִיהִי מַבְדִּיל בֵּין מַיִם לָמָיִם׃"

Firmament

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"The book of Genesis was written a long time before the idea of a spherical Earth was suggested and, as we shall see, the exegetes later found themselves in difficulty when attempting to reconcile the biblical writing with the results of the natural science; then the faith–science conflict was born, which has remained with us for almost two millennia."

Firmament

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