Mining
Mining
Mining is the extraction of geological materials and minerals from the surface of the Earth. Mining is required to obtain most materials that cannot be grown through agricultural processes, or feasibly created artificially in a laboratory or factory. Ores recovered by mining include metals, coal, oil shale, gemstones, limestone, chalk, dimension stone, rock salt, potash, gravel, and clay. The ore
"Bad ventilation, deep excavation, defective supports, etc., etc., annually bring death to thousands of miners, but this system of operation saves expenses, therefore augments the gains, and gives the mine owners no occasion to be sorry. Neither does the factory-pasha care how many of "his" laborers are torn and rent apart by machinery, poisoned by chemicals, or slowly suffocated by dirt and dust. Profit is the main thing."
"Mining is a uniquely political enterprise. It requires permits and capital, as well as legal and moral defenses strong enough to withstand inevitable litigation."
"All minerals are limited and especially limited at an affordable rate. Since a techno-industrial civilisation needs minerals, any such civilisation is bound to reach a point where it can’t continue."
