Painted Grey Ware culture
Painted Grey Ware culture
The Painted Grey Ware culture (PGW) is an Iron Age Indo-Aryan culture of the western Gangetic plain and the Ghaggar-Hakra valley in the Indian subcontinent, conventionally dated c.1200 to 600–500 BCE, or from 1300 to 500–300 BCE. It is a successor of the Cemetery H culture and Black and red ware culture (BRW) within this region, and contemporary with the continuation of the BRW culture in the east
"Such items of material culture [as the PGW] are very rarely the private monopoly of any one ethnic, racial, let alone linguistic group, but are the products of craftsmen, working within traditions, and serving whole communities."
"The PGW is but one of many dashed hopes of Aryan invasion believers looking for a material sign of their hypothesis. None of Lal’s colleagues has discovered the long-awaited trace of an invasion."
"There can, therefore, be no reasonable doubt in ascribing the Ware to the later Aryans."
"A further terminus ante quern can be postulated by the fact that Painted Gray Ware (PGW) sites dated to around 1000 B.C.E. were found on the bed of the river, as opposed to on its banks, indicating that the river had already become dry well before this time."
"PGW can be regarded as one of the ceramics of the Iron Age North India which emerged, developed and declined in the socio‐cultural contexts during the late second and early first millennia BCE. However, there are many problems to be solved for better understanding the significance of PGW."
"The black ceramics from Swat attributed to the Aaryas, the gray ceramics, which Indian archaeologists consider as the best marker of their presence in the Indus and Ganges valleys, do not in any way recall what is found in Togolok or Gonur"
